2006

Evidence: Well-supported as a literature-year characterization. Individual “first transistor” headlines vary by definition (field-effect on a flake vs useful circuit).

Documented science

• Raman spectroscopy (D, G, 2D/G′ bands) becomes the cheap fingerprint for layer number and disorder. Later work will warn that Raman alone does not certify a commercial powder as monolayer graphene.
• Graphene oxide reduction papers accelerate. Chemists and physicists are still not using the same sample when they say “graphene.”
• Early FET demonstrations on exfoliated flakes continue the 2004 geometry.

Commercial / program

University groups and a few startups talk transparent conductors as an ITO replacement. ITO replacement will remain a slide more than a market for years. Log specific firms only when a name and filing exist ([[logs/companies]]).

Open

Mobility on oxide vs suspended flakes; whether chemically derived sheets can ever match cleaved crystals.